Command Shell

Data Definition (DDL)

• Create a new table

  CREATE TABLE users (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
  );
  
  

• Drop a table

  DROP TABLE users;
  

• Add a column

  ALTER TABLE users
  ADD email VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL;
  

• Rename a table

  ALTER TABLE users
  RENAME TO members;
  

Data Manipulation (DML)

• Select rows

  SELECT id, name
  FROM users
  WHERE status = 'active';
  

• Insert a row

  INSERT INTO users (name, email)
  VALUES ('Alice', 'alice@example.com');
  

• Update rows

  UPDATE users
  SET status = 'inactive'
  WHERE last_login < '2025-01-01';
  

• Delete rows

  DELETE FROM users
  WHERE status = 'inactive';
  

Transactions

• Start a transaction

  BEGIN TRANSACTION;
  

• Commit changes

  COMMIT;
  

• Roll back changes

  ROLLBACK;
  

Index Management

• Create an index

  CREATE INDEX idx_users_email
  ON users (email);
  

• Drop an index

  DROP INDEX idx_users_email
  ON users;
  

Permissions

• Grant privileges

  GRANT SELECT, INSERT
  ON shop.*
  TO 'webuser'@'localhost';
  

• Revoke privileges

  REVOKE INSERT
  ON shop.*
  FROM 'webuser'@'localhost';